Capitalism is a system where everything—goods, services, even human labor—is produced for profit, with value measured through money rather than human need. In capitalism, the goal isn’t just to create things people need but to create things that can be sold for more than they cost to make, generating profit. Money in this system can be hoarded and reinvested to expand production and generate even more profit, creating a cycle of continuous accumulation. The more money you have, the more you can invest, expanding your enterprise, capturing more of the market, and ultimately growing your wealth. This process sets off a perpetual competition where every capitalist entity must grow and increase profits or risk being replaced by competitors. Public companies feel this pressure acutely—if their profits and growth fall short of investors’ expectations, shareholders pull their money, redirecting it to more profitable ventures, and the company risks collapse.

This race for profit isn’t just about increasing revenue; it’s fundamentally about cutting costs, and the biggest cost for most businesses is labor. Capitalism drives employers to reduce labor expenses as much as possible, often by lowering wages and worsening working conditions. Ideally, from a capitalist perspective, labor would cost nothing at all—if workers could survive without income, there would be no need to pay them. But, as Karl Marx said, “if workers could live on air, it would not be possible to buy them at any price.” Since survival requires purchasing goods on the market, wages are kept just high enough to meet basic needs but low enough to ensure workers’ continued dependence on employment. This setup guarantees a steady, large workforce that must keep working to survive, which in turn keeps profit margins high by holding down labor costs.

However, a minority of people are allowed to live above bare subsistence, forming a buffer class between the very wealthy and the struggling masses. This group, with somewhat better wages and lifestyles, is essential to the system because it creates a sense of stratification and competition. Rather than organizing together to challenge or reject this system, people are divided by income levels and are encouraged to compete against each other, seeking to climb higher in the capitalist hierarchy. People in this buffer class often feel driven to maintain or improve their status, fearful of slipping into the lower classes, which keeps them engaged in the competitive game rather than questioning it.

Ultimately, capitalism uses this competitive structure to reinforce a world where survival and success are determined by profit and where human relationships, work, and even self-worth are mediated through money. This system pits people against each other, creating a society where cooperation and solidarity are minimized, and the potential for collective action is undermined.

Anarcho-communism is often misunderstood as chaotic or unstructured, but it’s actually a thoughtfully organized system based on cooperation, mutual aid, and the shared stewardship of resources. Its logic is simple: to maximize both individual freedom and collective well-being by creating a society where people support each other without centralized authority or rigid borders. The ethos driving anarcho-communism is one of cooperation rather than competition, where communities and individuals alike flourish through interconnected, cooperative relationships. Instead of hierarchy, this model relies on affinity groups, or “guilds,” which coordinate with each other and with local assemblies, forming a network of cascading groups and communities rather than confined or bordered regions.

In anarcho-communism, essential resources and land are not privately owned but communally shared and managed to ensure that everyone’s needs are met. People contribute to society based on their abilities and receive according to their needs, so labor is organized to support the community rather than generate private wealth. This approach means that production and resources are directed toward the common good, eliminating the need for money or hierarchical control. Without private property or a profit motive, people are free to contribute in ways that align with their strengths and passions, enriching both themselves and the community.

The governance structure of anarcho-communism is decentralized, with decisions made by those most affected by them. Local assemblies and interconnected affinity groups discuss issues, share resources, and collectively make decisions through consensus, ensuring accountability and responsiveness. Instead of imposing decisions from above, this network allows communities to adapt to their specific needs and goals while cooperating on a broader scale. This system is democratic in the truest sense, as decisions emerge from direct participation and mutual agreement, creating a social fabric that is resilient and responsive to change.

Anarcho-communism draws not only from natural ecosystems, where interdependence and mutual support create resilience, but also from human history. For over seven million years as upright-walking apes and at least 290,000 years as homo sapiens, the vast majority of our species lived in societies rooted in mutual aid, communal stewardship, and cooperation. These principles of shared responsibility and interdependence shaped our genetic evolution, wiring us to thrive in cooperative environments. Hierarchical systems and private ownership of resources are recent developments in human history, not reflections of how humans have lived for most of our existence.

In this society, individual freedom and collective equality are inseparable. Each person has the security and support to explore their potential, engage in meaningful work, and participate in community life without the constraints of competition or economic survival. Anarcho-communism envisions a world where people don’t need to compete for resources but can thrive together, each respected for their unique contributions and supported in their personal growth. It’s a society rooted in compassion, where human relationships, community, and the natural world are valued for their intrinsic worth rather than for profit. The goal of anarcho-communism is to create a world in which everyone has the freedom to live authentically and the support to contribute to a flourishing, cooperative society for all.

Because the world as it exists is a machine grinding us all down, piece by piece. The way we produce and consume doesn’t just poison the air and water; it warps the very way we see each other. Under capitalism, human relationships are reduced to power plays, hierarchies, and status games. It’s not about who you are but what you own: the car you drive, the square footage of your house, the brand on your shoes. Every interaction becomes a competition to dominate or submit, to climb or be crushed. This ethos of comparison doesn’t stay confined to us—it seeps into everything. Forests are no longer ecosystems; they’re timber. Rivers aren’t lifelines; they’re water for sale. Animals are commodities, their habitats bulldozed to make way for more.

This mindset has driven us into the sixth mass extinction. Thousands of species disappear each year while oil rigs drill deeper and deeper, pumping poison into the skies. Capitalism clings to oil not just for the fuel but because the war machines—the tanks, fighter jets, and battleships—depend on it. And those war machines? They’re essential for expanding markets, forcing open doors to resources, and maintaining global dominance. Every bullet fired, every bomb dropped, is profit for someone. Millions die in wars not fought for freedom but for boardroom deals, yet we keep calling it "defense."

Back home, the exploitation is closer, more intimate. Our food is laced with chemicals that destroy our bodies while maximizing shelf life and corporate profit. It’s not an accident that childhood diabetes is skyrocketing or that cancer wards are full—our diets are engineered for cost-cutting, not nourishment. The healthcare system profits twice: once when the food poisons us, and again when it bankrupts us with treatments. At the same time, financial speculators gut every industry they touch. Private equity firms buy hospitals, gut their staff, and charge exorbitant rates to turn life-saving care into profit margins. They buy rental properties and raise rents until families are evicted, their homes turned into numbers on a spreadsheet.

Big Tech is no better. They don’t sell products; they sell us. Our attention is extracted, minute by minute, with screens designed to hijack our focus. Algorithms feed us anger, fear, and dopamine hits, keeping us scrolling while they rake in ad revenue. Even the news we consume is twisted—designed not to inform but to inflame. Stories are selected not for truth but for shock value, trapping us in cycles of outrage while corporations profit from every click. And behind it all, advertisers quietly dictate what can and can’t be said, ensuring nothing threatens their bottom line.

We live in a world where inequality has reached obscene proportions, greater than at any point in human history. Billionaires build floating palaces—mega yachts the size of small towns—while tent cities multiply beneath overpasses, sheltering those who have been left to freeze in the winter cold. Senior citizens who worked their entire lives sleep on concrete, huddling in donated blankets, while hedge fund managers gamble away billions in stock buybacks. The gap between the rich and poor isn’t just a statistic; it’s a chasm carved out of human suffering, where the wealth of the few is built on the exploitation of the many. It’s no accident—this disparity is the direct result of a system designed to reward hoarding and punish collaboration, to valorize greed and demonize need.

And this inequality isn’t just economic—it’s racialized, deliberately so. From the beginning, capitalism has relied on the creation of an undercaste, dividing people by race to ensure some are kept in the deepest levels of poverty while others are pacified with just enough privilege to keep them quiet. Black and Indigenous communities, in particular, have been systematically robbed of wealth, land, and opportunity, relegated to the margins through redlining, mass incarceration, and the denial of generational wealth. Hispanic and immigrant workers are exploited as cheap labor, their contributions essential but constantly devalued. Meanwhile, politicians stoke these divisions, pitting communities against one another with fearmongering and dog-whistles, convincing white workers that their struggles stem from the "other," not the billionaires hoarding the wealth. These manufactured divisions are the ultimate weapon of the ruling class: divide and conquer, ensuring the oppressed fight among themselves instead of uniting against their true oppressors.

This system doesn’t just destroy ecosystems and relationships; it steals our time. Five days a week, we give the best hours of our day to jobs that drain us, often doing work that feels disconnected from any real purpose. People spend their lives filing reports, packaging products, or answering phones, all to feed the insatiable maw of profit. By the time the day is over, we’re too exhausted to do anything but consume—stream a show, order takeout, collapse into bed—and the cycle begins again.

Our communities are isolating us, and it’s not just a matter of poor planning—it’s capitalism driving us apart for profit. Suburban sprawl, car-centric infrastructure, and the erosion of public spaces are deliberate outcomes of a system that prioritizes individual consumption over collective well-being. Developers maximize profits by building sprawling, disconnected neighborhoods; car manufacturers thrive when walking or public transit is impossible; and corporate chains dominate as zoning laws keep neighborhoods fragmented and reliant on big-box stores. This leaves us physically isolated from one another, turning what could be vibrant, walkable communities into collections of private spaces separated by miles of asphalt. Streets are no longer for connection—they’re arteries for commerce, designed to drive transactions, not relationships.

This isolation doesn’t just foster loneliness—it drives us deeper into ourselves, and in a society where self-worth is mediated through what we can own, that creates a dangerous cycle. When we’re cut off from others, we lean more heavily on consumption to fill the emotional void. We buy to soothe our loneliness, to project status, to feel like we’re “winning” the game of life. But this fuels the very consumerism that perpetuates the problem. Instead of finding connection, we measure our worth through competitive comparison, judging ourselves and others by what we own, what we wear, what we drive. It’s an intensely negative feedback loop: isolation leads to consumption, consumption deepens competition, and competition fuels more isolation.

And it’s killing us. Loneliness and social isolation are linked to higher rates of depression, anxiety, and even early death, making them as dangerous to health as smoking or obesity. As we become more dependent on buying our way out of unhappiness, the capitalist machine grows stronger, profiting off our pain. The lack of walkable, connected communities means we move less, interact less, and spiral further into ourselves, all while industries rake in billions selling us fleeting solutions to the very problems they’ve created.

Automation and AI are propelling us toward a future of deepened oppression unless we make radical change. Under capitalism, every leap in productivity from automation is seized by those at the top, not to ease the burdens of the many but to enrich the few. When machines replace human labor, workers aren’t “set free”—they’re discarded. The fewer jobs available, the more desperate people become to compete for scraps, driving wages down and slashing benefits. This doesn’t just erode labor power—it creates a system where precarity is the norm, and poverty is institutionalized. As wealth concentrates into fewer hands, the masses are left scrambling in a society that views them as surplus to its needs. Without intervention, automation will only sharpen the divide, trapping us in a system where technological progress deepens exploitation instead of liberating humanity. Radical change is a necessity to reclaim the tools of progress for collective freedom rather than oppression.

The urgency to change comes from this—because we cannot tweak or reform our way out of a system that is rotten at its core. Even the solutions offered within this framework—redistribution, regulation, oversight—are like pouring water into a leaky bucket. Capitalism’s need for profit ensures that every "fix" will eventually be undermined. Minimum wage increases? Eaten by rising rents. Green energy investments? Undone by the oil lobby’s relentless grip. The system is self-perpetuating, endlessly driving costs down, profits up, and us into despair.

Real change requires rejecting the entire game. Not finding a better way to play but refusing to play at all. This isn’t about building a new system on top of the old one—it’s about dismantling it entirely and asking, “How do we truly want to live?” The answer lies in solidarity, not competition. It lies in a world where our labor serves our communities, not shareholders. It lies in confronting the raw fact of our existence: that we are fragile apes on a floating rock, and our survival depends not on outdoing one another but on embracing the collective potential of what we can achieve together. Only by breaking free from the logic of domination and exploitation can we hope to build a world where we all have the chance to truly thrive.

This vision is grounded in an intricate tapestry of ideas, historical insights, and critical theories, each contributing essential layers. It draws on Taoist principles, providing a framework for harmony and non-coercion, a balance that respects natural flow without forceful imposition. Anarcho-communist and eco-anarchist theories from thinkers like Kropotkin, Bookchin, and Goldman inspire the model of decentralized, cooperative communities, emphasizing mutual aid, ecological balance, and a rejection of oppressive structures.

It builds on Marxist critiques of capitalism, specifically Marx’s insights into how capitalism distorts human labor, extracting surplus value while alienating individuals from each other and from themselves. Further layers are added by theorists like Bauman and Adorno, who delve into how capitalism shapes every facet of human experience, reducing connections to transactions and enforcing a pervasive alienation that harms social bonds. Huxley’s Perennial Philosophy contributes a vision of human flourishing that transcends materialism, imagining a society where individuals and communities live meaningfully, grounded in connection and purpose.

Beyond these philosophical roots, the vision is deeply informed by history—drawing on pre-historic and indigenous societies that operated through reciprocity, collective responsibility, and decentralized governance long before the rise of centralized states. Anthropological insights show that humans have lived successfully in non-hierarchical societies for millennia, demonstrating that such structures aren’t utopian fantasies but part of our historical foundation. Understanding the structural forces that have since shaped history—like the rise of the state, capital, and institutionalized coercion—reveals the conditions that must be overcome to reclaim a cooperative way of life.

Imaginative works like Huxley’s Island and Le Guin’s The Dispossessed offer practical blueprints, translating these philosophies and critiques into compelling models of societies where mutual aid, autonomy, and creativity flourish. Taken together, this vision isn’t based on a single ideology but an expansive set of beliefs, historical patterns, philosophical insights, and practical frameworks. It embodies the understanding that human societies can and have thrived on principles of empathy, shared purpose, and ecological stewardship—principles that still hold the potential to guide a more equitable and meaningful way forward.

Anarcho-communism is the theory we’re embracing because it embodies a profound truth: the means are the ends. The way we organize ourselves today directly creates the world we want for tomorrow. Historical, anthropological, and psychological evidence show that centralized power, no matter how well-intentioned, becomes a trap that replicates the oppressive structures it was meant to dismantle. Take the USSR and China—both set out to build socialist societies that would liberate the masses, but instead, they reproduced systems of rigid hierarchy, control, and labor discipline that served the state, not the people. The working class found itself trading capitalist bosses for party bureaucrats, and rather than finding freedom to pursue their own interests, people were forced into repetitive, menial tasks that supported state goals. The state’s focus on competing with capitalist economies trapped people in exhausting cycles of industrial production, stripping them of any real freedom or self-fulfillment. What should have been movements for liberation became systems of regimentation that were just as dehumanizing as capitalism itself.

Anarcho-communism, by contrast, rejects the entire notion of central authority. It’s rooted in decentralized, community-driven organization, where people make decisions collectively rather than bowing to some distant hierarchy. In this way, it mirrors the natural world’s own methods of self-organization: rather than relying on rigid structures, nature thrives through a rhizomatic structure—a networked, decentralized way of growing and connecting, as seen in plants like mushrooms or underground root systems, which spread horizontally rather than depending on a single trunk or center. This rhizomatic approach fosters resilience through diversity and interconnectedness, where each part of the ecosystem supports and sustains the others. It’s a structure that ensures survival without domination, adaptation without hierarchy.

By applying this approach to human society, anarcho-communism cultivates a world where communities don’t compete for resources or control but cooperate to meet shared needs, allowing each person to pursue their true potential. This freedom to grow and explore aligns with Nietzsche’s concept of the Übermensch—not in the authoritarian, elitist sense often misattributed to Nietzsche but as a vision of a person who is fully realized, living authentically and creating meaning in their life. Under capitalism or centralized socialism, this kind of flourishing is almost impossible. People are reduced to cogs, their potential sacrificed to some “greater” goal that isn’t really theirs. But in an anarcho-communist society, freed from economic pressures and social expectations to compete, each person has the chance to contribute in ways that reflect who they truly are, whether that means creating art, growing food, teaching, inventing, or building something new.

This vision doesn’t require us to reform systems designed to oppress and exploit. Instead, it builds solidarity directly with people and their communities, creating networks of mutual aid and cooperative living. The difference is stark: instead of a society that runs on fear, scarcity, and competition, this is a vision rooted in trust, abundance, and collaboration. It’s a movement in harmony with Taoist and perennial philosophies, which speak to the wisdom of letting go, trusting the flow of life, and embracing change without imposing rigid controls. Anarcho-communism doesn’t just create a society free from oppression—it creates a society where people are actively supported to explore, to flourish, and to support one another, with the freedom to become fully themselves.

This is why we’re choosing anarcho-communism: it’s not just a theory but a pathway to a society that truly values human potential. Where previous systems led people into cycles of domination, labor, and control, anarcho-communism opens the door to liberation in the fullest sense. We’re not striving for a sterile, perfect society—we’re striving for a society that doesn’t generate angry, frustrated citizens but joyful, creative and free citizens. Where they can be artists, scientists, farmers, healers, and dreamers simultaneously, contributing to their communities not out of fear or obligation but out of a desire to live fully and authentically, connected to one another in mutual respect and love.

Emma Goldman’s argument in Anarchism, What It Really Stands For is a direct refutation of the idea that anarchism—or direct action—is impractical. The notion of practicality, she explains, is too often defined by whether something fits within existing conditions. But those conditions—capitalism, state oppression, and the exploitation of the many for the benefit of the few—are precisely what we aim to overturn. To accept those conditions as the starting point for change is to doom oneself to patchwork reforms that never challenge the foundations of injustice. Goldman emphasizes that the true measure of practicality lies in whether an idea has the vitality to escape the stagnant waters of the old and create new, sustainable forms of life.

Direct action, viewed through this lens, is the most practical approach to social change. It builds and sustains new ways of living—mutual aid networks, collective governance, and free agreement—while refusing to reinforce the legitimacy of systems that perpetuate harm. It’s not about working within a broken framework but about demonstrating and living the alternatives here and now, creating the conditions for real transformation. By rejecting the “wrong and foolish” (Emma Goldman) and focusing on action that brings communities together to solve problems collectively, direct action proves its practicality every time it feeds a hungry family, stops an eviction, or defends a neighborhood from harm.

As Emma Goldman famously put it, "The most violent element in society is ignorance," and the ignorance here is the idea that social reform through institutional avenues is anything but the most conservative approach to change. The system’s primary function is not to facilitate justice but to act as a release valve for revolutionary energy, redirecting and diluting it before it can threaten the status quo.

The U.S. Constitution itself was explicitly designed to prevent equitable wealth distribution and refine the popular will to protect the interests of a wealthy minority. James Madison admitted as much in the Federalist Papers, stating that government must be structured to protect "the minority of the opulent against the majority." This foundational framework ensures that even when reforms happen, they are piecemeal, indirect, and never truly threaten the systems of domination. Consider the decades it took to pass civil rights legislation, all while systemic racism remained intact. Even landmark victories like these are delivered in a way that alienates participants, offering change from above rather than fostering empowerment from below.

Working within the system takes exponentially longer than direct action, and even then, the results are often inadequate. The avenues for change—registering voters, lobbying, navigating legal frameworks, electing candidates—are labyrinthine and inaccessible to many. They require specialized knowledge, endless funding, and the patience to wait through years of legislative gridlock, only to receive compromises that barely address the issues. Compare this to direct action: a tenant union blocking an eviction, a community reclaiming abandoned land to grow food, or a labor strike that halts production. These actions are immediate, comprehensible, and don’t require advanced degrees in political science to understand. Direct action allows everyone to participate uniquely, bringing their skills, passions, and creativity to the movement without waiting for permission.

Direct action also builds community and inclusion in ways that institutional reforms never can. When people come together to meet their needs directly—sharing resources, organizing mutual aid, or resisting oppression—they experience collective power firsthand. They don’t have to navigate bureaucracies or rely on intermediaries. Instead, they solve problems together, learning to trust and care for one another in ways that deepen solidarity. This is practical not just for achieving results but for creating a culture of empowerment that lasts beyond a single campaign.

Finally, working through the system isn’t just slower; it actively reinforces the system’s legitimacy. Every ballot cast and petition signed strengthens the illusion that the institutions controlling our lives are capable of delivering justice. Direct action does the opposite. It bypasses the system entirely, showing people that they don’t need to beg for scraps—they can take what they need and build something better themselves. This approach isn’t just more practical; it’s transformative, inclusive, and rooted in the kind of action that creates real, lasting change.

The plan envisions a decentralized society where individuals work around 150 hours per year, supported by pooled labor and a rotation of roles tailored to each person’s skills and preferences. Each individual would be expected, though importantly never coerced, to contribute 20 hours in the sectors of food production, education, healthcare, system maintenance, and governance, and 50 hours in what we will refer to as non-essential production. This limited labor requirement is possible through extensive automation and advanced technology, which handle most of the repetitive and demanding tasks. These technologies, like AI-driven logistics for resource distribution and robots for agricultural and manufacturing labor, are mass-produced and widely shared as common assets, with no intellectual property costs or proprietary barriers. Without money or a centralized legal system, society is instead organized through affinity groups and local assemblies, creating a flexible network of interlinked communities that share common values but adapt to local needs and environments, emphasizing interdependence over isolation.

In this structure, decision-making follows a natural flow. People gather in regular assemblies to address community-wide issues, using these forums to deliberate on shared goals, resource distribution, and long-term planning. For daily matters, informal cooperation allows flexibility and responsiveness, fostering a culture where people rely on communication, trust, and mutual aid rather than rigid rules. Each individual contributes based on their abilities and inclinations, and resources are distributed to meet collective needs, ensuring harmony between personal autonomy and collective responsibility. These assemblies are spaces where people can express their perspectives and needs, allowing the community’s direction to emerge organically from the collective input. This process balances individual freedoms with shared purpose, creating a society where cooperation feels natural rather than forced.

The interlinking of communities enhances this harmony. While each community remains largely self-sufficient—producing most of its own food, goods, and infrastructure—interconnection allows for a richer exchange of resources, ideas, and practices. Goods that vary due to environmental conditions, like grains from temperate climates or fruits from tropical ones, flow between communities, ensuring dietary diversity and sharing the benefits of regional abundance. This exchange extends beyond material goods: communities share innovations in governance, education, and infrastructure, cross-pollinating ideas that keep the society adaptable and vibrant. For example, a region that develops an effective water conservation system can share its design and expertise, enhancing resilience for communities facing similar challenges.

Cross-pollination also cultivates cultural richness and adaptability. Ideas, traditions, and creative expressions flow freely across the network of communities, much like genetic diversity strengthens ecosystems. A new governance method—such as rotating facilitators for assemblies—might be tested and refined in one community before spreading to others. Similarly, collaborative artistic or educational projects bring people together across regions, weaving a collective identity that celebrates local uniqueness while embracing shared creativity. These exchanges reinforce the sense of interdependence, as communities recognize that their well-being is tied to the broader network’s success.

This interconnected decision-making and exchange foster a way of life where cooperation and shared purpose emerge organically. People are free to engage meaningfully with their surroundings and each other, unburdened by the pressures of survival or competition. The result is a society where all contributions are valued, and each individual’s strengths feed back into the whole, creating a sustainable cycle of mutual growth and collective well-being. Interdependence becomes the foundation for resilience, adaptability, and solidarity, ensuring that this decentralized network thrives not in spite of its diversity, but because of it.

The U.S. workforce consists of around 161 million people, and the average American works approximately 1,765 hours per year (based on recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Penn World Table). Here’s the calculations:

161 million workers × 1,765 hours per worker per year = 284,965,000,000 hours

Rounded, this gives us approximately 285 billion annual labor hours currently performed in the U.S.

Now, if we consider that roughly (probably more but we will be conservative here) 30% of these labor hours are dedicated to jobs that wouldn’t be necessary in a non-market-based society—roles in finance, consulting, administrative support, and other sectors tied to managing money, competition, or demand—we can reduce this total by 30%:

285 billion hours × 0.7= 199.5 billion hours

This leaves us with approximately 199.5 billion hours of essential labor that would remain if these non-essential roles were eliminated.

Now, by applying open-source automation, which is estimated to handle around 80% of tasks in essential sectors, we can further reduce this remaining labor:

199.5 billion hours × 0.2= 39.9 billion hours

This brings the total labor requirement down to 39.9 billion hours annually.

To distribute this across a realistic labor pool in a cooperative society, we consider 160 million able and willing adults. Dividing the total essential hours by this pool:

39.9 billion hours ÷ 160 million people = 249.375 hours per person annually

Rounding slightly, each person would need to contribute approximately 250 hours per year, which, when broken down weekly, becomes:

250 hours per year ÷ 52 weeks ≈ 4.8 hours per week

However, if we increase the labor pool to 200 million people by including those who are currently out of the traditional workforce—such as retired individuals, disabled people, and even older children—due to the low-risk, community-oriented nature of the work, the calculation would adjust as follows:

Starting from our estimate of 39.9 billion essential hours after removing non-essential jobs and applying automation, we would divide this by a labor pool of 200 million:

39.9 billion hours ÷ 200 million people= 199.5 hours per person annually

Breaking this down to a weekly commitment:

199.5 hours per year ÷ 52 weeks ≈ 3.8 hours per week

With a labor pool of 200 million, each person would only need to work around 3.8 hours per week to meet the essential needs and non-essential desires of society. This minimal contribution highlights how community-based, distributed labor—supported by extensive automation and freed from market-driven constraints—could significantly reduce the individual burden of work.

As automation advances, this figure would keep dropping. With ongoing improvements in technology, we’d see further reductions as more tasks are automated or handled by increasingly efficient machines. Importantly, because we’re no longer producing for exchange or profit but for actual use, we would begin to accumulate surplus resources. Instead of being forced to continuously churn out goods to drive increasing profits, communities could save and strategically manage surplus items, from food to machinery parts, building up reserves. This means that over time, as our technology improves and as we produce a stable surplus of essential goods, the amount of work required would continue to diminish. We wouldn’t need to expend the same effort repeatedly, as resources can be stockpiled and used efficiently, stretching their utility and further reducing labor needs.

As this cooperative model expands globally, pooling labor across larger populations will further reduce the average weekly labor hours per person. Here’s how the average weekly commitment changes with global participation:

• 1 billion people: Each person would need to work approximately 0.77 hours per week (or about 46 minutes).

• 2 billion people: Each person’s weekly work would drop to 0.38 hours per week (roughly 23 minutes).

• 4 billion people: The commitment reduces to 0.19 hours per week (about 11 minutes).

• 8 billion people: With a fully global labor pool, the requirement would be only 0.1 hours per week (around 6 minutes).

Settling on a figure of 150 hours per person per year isn’t about meeting a strict labor requirement—it’s about fostering community connection and shared responsibility. At this level, each person would work just under 3 hours per week, which is more than enough to cover essential needs while allowing everyone to experience being an active part of their community. This level of engagement strengthens social bonds and ensures that people feel invested in the well-being of their neighbors and local environment. Rather than seeing work as a burdensome obligation, this figure allows it to become a shared activity that reinforces community solidarity and cooperation.

The estimates calculated, based on U.S. labor patterns, are intentionally conservative. They underestimate how many jobs are unnecessary (ethnographic evidence suggests the number is closer to 40-60%) and considers current automation capabilities and labor distribution only in the U.S., but in reality, this model would be part of a global movement. The more communities join in internationally, the less work is required from each individual. By adding one community at a time, each new participant pool increases the global labor capacity while dividing the workload even further, allowing for a natural, continual reduction in individual labor hours as more people participate.

In our envisioned society, even professions requiring significant expertise—like engineers, doctors, and scientists—would look very different from how they function today. While some roles may require more hours than the baseline of 150 per year, this doesn’t mean people would be burdened or coerced into traditional work schedules. Instead, people would pursue these careers willingly, freed from the pressures of debt, competition, and administrative overhead that weigh down professionals under capitalism.

Let’s start with automation. Many aspects of these jobs can already be automated or simplified through advanced technology, which would be fully utilized in a society no longer restricted by intellectual property or profit motives. In medicine, for example, AI can already assist in diagnosing illnesses with high accuracy, robotic systems perform surgeries more precisely than human hands, and automation can streamline tasks like scheduling, record-keeping, and logistics. Engineers increasingly use AI-driven design tools to test models and simulations, dramatically reducing the time required for planning and troubleshooting. A society based on shared knowledge and resources could accelerate the development and deployment of such technologies, minimizing the repetitive or time-consuming aspects of these professions and freeing up specialists to focus on the creative and innovative parts of their work.

At the same time, the idea of 150 hours isn’t a ceiling but a baseline—a shared contribution to maintain the essentials of society. Beyond that, people would be free to dedicate as much time as they want to pursuing what they’re passionate about. Even today, people choose careers in medicine, engineering, and science despite the grueling, expensive paths required to get there. They endure student debt, long hours, and power hierarchies at work because they’re motivated by a genuine interest in helping others, solving problems, or advancing knowledge. In a society where these barriers are removed, why wouldn’t people still choose to dedicate themselves to these fields? With the freedom to pursue their passions without the burden of competition, exploitative hierarchies, or meaningless administrative tasks, the motivation to engage in meaningful work would only increase.

The healthcare system, in particular, would look completely different. With mutual aid at the core of society, basic healthcare tasks would be shared among everyone. Communities would educate each other on emergency first aid, basic diagnostics, and transportation to healthcare facilities, significantly reducing the strain on doctors and hospitals. Doctors wouldn’t be bogged down with endless paperwork or routine cases; instead, they’d have more time to focus on complex and innovative medicine—the parts of their work they’re most passionate about. Additionally, as the broader society replaces processed, toxic foods with healthy, nutrient-dense diets and designs environments that promote well-being, the overall demand on the healthcare system would decrease drastically. Healthier communities mean fewer chronic illnesses, fewer emergencies, and more space for doctors to engage in groundbreaking research and treatment.

Similarly, engineers would find themselves working on projects they truly care about, free from the demands of profit-driven markets. They could dedicate their skills to developing sustainable infrastructure, advanced automation, or other innovations that benefit society as a whole. With shared contributions to the basics of logistics and infrastructure, the pressure on individual engineers to meet tight deadlines or compete for resources would also disappear, giving them more freedom to work at their own pace and explore creative solutions.

In short, these professions would still exist, but they would be transformed. People wouldn’t enter them out of coercion or desperation but out of genuine interest and passion. With advanced technology handling much of the drudgery, shared responsibilities lightening the load, and healthier communities reducing demand, these roles would be more rewarding and balanced than ever before. The liberated hours of society wouldn’t just mean time away from work—they would mean time spent pursuing the things that truly matter, whether in medicine, engineering, or the endless other fields that people find meaningful.

This isn’t a rigid framework; it’s a fluid, evolving system, grounded in mutual aid and designed to adapt to the needs of each community. The idea of 150 hours is simply a benchmark—a meticulous but admittedly uncertain estimate to give us a starting point. In practice, each community will set its own expectations, determining what feels right for its members and adjusting as needed.

The transition itself begins gradually, as communities form networks of mutual aid that provide people with more breathing room. As essentials like vegetables from a community garden, tools from a shared library, or home repairs organized by neighbors become available without cost, people find themselves less dependent on earning currency for survival. With each new collective service or resource, members gain time and security. This newfound freedom allows more people to contribute to pooled labor, gradually reducing the hours anyone needs to work for money.

As this model expands and more communities join, the reliance on currency steadily declines. We’re not trying to replace the capitalist system by competing with it; we’re building something new, an entirely separate network of solidarity and mutual aid that provides people with what they need without forcing them to chase wages. Eventually, we may only need around 150 hours per year of each person’s time, though the exact number will be fluid. Communities will adapt benchmarks as they see fit, providing guidelines so people understand roughly how they can contribute. This flexibility ensures that each community sets its own balance, allowing the model to respond to real-life needs rather than fixed quotas, evolving as we grow closer to a society where work is no longer about survival, but about collective purpose and fulfillment.

The decentralized task-matching algorithm ensures everyone contributes equitably, starting with a baseline of 150 hours per year—20 hours each in essential sectors like food production, healthcare, education, system maintenance, and governance, plus 50 hours in non-essential areas such as arts, cultural work, or innovative projects. Participants input their skills, interests, and aspirations for each sector, either manually or by selecting from detailed options like “gardening for food production” or “organizing transportation logistics for healthcare.” The algorithm carefully aligns tasks with individual capabilities while ensuring everyone rotates across sectors, fostering both fairness and diversity in contributions.

For those seeking to explore beyond their local community, the system offers task opportunities in other regions, sparking vibrant intercommunity travel. Imagine working in a coastal community to help expand its sustainable fishing operations or spending time in a forested region assisting with rewilding projects. This movement fosters cultural exchange and the sharing of local practices, enhancing tolerance, broadening perspectives, and building resilience through the cross-pollination of ideas. As communities collaborate across diverse environments, they strengthen their adaptability and enrich their shared knowledge pool.

The algorithm doesn’t just assign tasks; it evolves with you, understanding your strengths and learning what you’re driven to pursue. By tracking the kinds of work you gravitate toward and the feedback you provide, it begins offering challenges and opportunities tailored to your growth. For instance, if someone with an interest in teaching completes their education sector hours, the system might suggest facilitating a workshop in another community, combining their teaching skills with the chance to travel and exchange ideas. Even after completing the baseline 150 hours, people are offered fulfilling projects to deepen their passions or explore new paths, ensuring that work feels like an invitation, not an obligation.

Urgent tasks—such as responding to a healthcare crisis or repairing essential infrastructure—are flagged and elevated in priority, ensuring they’re addressed promptly. At the same time, non-essential contributions like creating public murals, composing community music, or developing a renewable energy solution are woven into the system, emphasizing the importance of creativity and innovation. A sculptor, for instance, might find themselves invited to work with artisans in another community, pooling skills for a large collaborative project.

To maintain balance, the algorithm tracks collective progress across sectors, not individual metrics. For example, it might display, “The food sector has completed 86% of its monthly goals,” fostering a shared sense of accomplishment rather than individual competition. It also prevents overburdening by distributing tasks equitably. If someone has heavily contributed to healthcare, it might suggest a lighter role in food production next, ensuring a rhythm that avoids burnout and encourages engagement across diverse areas.

The algorithm transforms not just how tasks are managed but how people connect. It becomes a dynamic tool for blending work, growth, and community building. By enabling intercommunity travel, offering challenges tailored to personal development, and ensuring fair contributions, it ensures that labor isn’t just functional—it’s an integral part of a joyful, cooperative society where every effort contributes to the flourishing of both individuals and the collective.

The platform would function as a transparent, decentralized task board, where each guild or sector posts available tasks with information on skills required, time commitments, and importance. When individuals log in, the algorithm offers personalized recommendations based on their profile, but participation is always voluntary and opt-in, ensuring freedom and flexibility. For example, someone interested in logistics might be invited to organize food deliveries, while a gardener might receive an invitation to assist with a community garden. If urgent tasks remain unfilled, the algorithm escalates their visibility across the network, increasing the likelihood that volunteers step in.

The system would adapt over time, updating profiles as people gain new skills and express interest in additional areas, offering them more specialized tasks if desired. At its core, the algorithm serves as a coordinating tool, not a manager—participants retain full autonomy to choose how and when they engage. If issues arise, participants can flag concerns for discussion within the relevant guild, ensuring that any imbalances are resolved through consensus-driven adjustments.

The technology behind this algorithm is advanced but entirely achievable with today’s tools. At its core, it’s a system designed to gather, organize, and analyze data to match people with tasks efficiently and fairly. It starts with a user-friendly platform, like an app or website, where participants enter their skills, interests, and availability. This part functions like a digital form or survey—simple dropdowns, multiple-choice options, or sliders for preferences. The data from these inputs is stored in an organized database, which acts like a central brain, cataloging who is available, what they can do, and what tasks are needed in each community.

When the algorithm begins matching people to tasks, it uses technology similar to how online shopping or streaming services recommend products or shows. The system compares all the stored data—your skills, the tasks available, the urgency of needs, and what others have signed up for. It calculates the best matches by analyzing patterns in the data. For example, it looks for people with the right skills who haven’t worked too many hours recently, ensuring the workload is spread fairly. It’s not random; the system uses a set of rules to prioritize tasks that need urgent attention or balance workload rotations across different sectors.

The "thinking" part of the algorithm relies on machine learning, a type of artificial intelligence. Imagine it as a tool that learns as it works. Each time you complete a task or provide feedback, the system updates its understanding of your preferences and skills. If you excel in a specific area, it recognizes that and might suggest more advanced or related tasks in the future. Similarly, if a task is marked as urgent, the algorithm adjusts its priorities instantly to focus on addressing it, pulling in participants who are best suited for the job based on their recent contributions and skills.

The system also uses real-time data to stay responsive. For example, if an infrastructure issue arises, like a water pump breaking, the system can detect this through community input or sensors and flag it as critical. It then allocates the task to people nearby with relevant skills, ensuring a quick resolution. This is possible because the technology doesn’t just store static data—it actively processes incoming updates to adapt task assignments as needs change.

Finally, the algorithm ensures transparency and collaboration between communities. Tasks in different regions are connected through a shared network, allowing participants to explore opportunities beyond their immediate area. If a coastal community needs help with sustainable fishing, the system checks for participants with relevant skills who are interested in traveling. It handles the logistics by matching availability, ensuring that no community is left short-handed, and providing fair access to these opportunities for everyone.

This isn’t science fiction. The components of this system—data collection, pattern analysis, machine learning, and real-time updates—are already used in systems that manage logistics, recommend entertainment, and allocate resources. What makes this unique is how these technologies are combined and directed toward cooperation and fairness instead of profit. Developers today could build this with off-the-shelf tools and existing frameworks, making it not only feasible but a powerful example of technology serving collective needs.

Using an algorithm for task matching ensures efficiency, fairness, and scalability in ways that human consensus often cannot achieve. Algorithms process large amounts of data quickly, matching tasks to individuals based on preferences, skills, and availability, while minimizing the time and energy needed for collective deliberation. When designed transparently, they reduce biases and ensure equitable distribution of responsibilities, avoiding the pitfalls of group dynamics like favoritism or dominance by vocal individuals. Moreover, algorithms excel in scaling up, adapting seamlessly to the complexity of larger communities or fluctuating needs, where consensus processes can become unwieldy and prone to gridlock. By streamlining routine decisions, algorithms allow communities to reserve human consensus for more nuanced, value-driven discussions, preserving the relational benefits of collective decision-making without sacrificing practicality.

1. Initial Engagement and Idea Dissemination (1-5 years):

This first stage focuses on engaging impoverished communities that already sustain themselves through informal mutual aid. Organizers encourage shifting from traditional forms of political engagement, like voting, to strengthening local support networks. This vision spreads through direct conversations, neighborhood gatherings, and cultural production—art, music, and writing—that conveys the power of mutual aid and self-sufficiency. Community members start discussing ideas for making their neighborhoods more self-sustaining, giving rise to a shared sense of purpose.

As mutual aid efforts expand, they meet essential needs directly, freeing people from the relentless need to work simply to survive. Resources are pooled to rehabilitate and rebuild local infrastructure—safe housing, repurposed warehouses for vertical farming, and community gardens—allowing these communities to grow their own food and become less dependent on external markets. This shift lightens the economic burden on residents as they receive essential goods like food, clothing, and support directly from the mutual aid network, requiring less income to cover basic needs. The more people are freed from traditional work, the more time and energy they have to contribute back to mutual aid efforts, reinforcing a feedback loop that amplifies self-sufficiency.

This cycle grows stronger as people pool their newly freed-up time and resources, expanding the capacity for mutual aid. As more needs are met locally, the pressure to work for currency diminishes, creating more breathing room for everyone involved. Task-matching algorithms emerge, even in simple forms, helping to match people with local rebuilding projects and essential services. Labor is shared equitably, and tasks align with each person’s strengths, further strengthening the community’s resourcefulness. As mutual aid expands, it not only supports survival but fosters a sense of belonging and empowerment.

With essential needs met, crime rates begin to drop naturally, as people gain stability and a dignified role within their community. The efforts echo programs like the Black Panther survival initiatives, where communities take their well-being into their own hands. Simultaneously, restorative justice (RJ) practices take root, empowering communities to manage conflicts internally through mediation and accountability rather than police intervention. The prison abolitionist movement gains traction, as people see that true safety and community harmony don’t require incarceration but rather resources, respect, and supportive networks.

2. Expansion through Direct Action and Support (5-10 years):

As initial communities thrive and grow resilient, neighboring regions take notice and are inspired to adopt similar practices. Word of success travels through community networks, amplified by the cultural works emerging from these neighborhoods. As more regions join, the mutual aid network spreads, allowing goods and services to circulate freely, which reduces dependence on currency even further. Resources like vertical farms, community gardens, local workshops, and collective repair projects expand, gradually shifting communities toward greater self-sufficiency and reducing the need for external economic systems.

With more resources pooled across communities, local councils and assemblies naturally emerge, where affinity groups meet to coordinate shared needs and labor. These assemblies help foster solidarity and accountability on a larger scale, with a common focus on mutual aid and fair distribution. People now spend less time working to “earn a living” and more time contributing to these collective projects, reinforcing the cycle of support and cooperation. This foundation also strengthens the infrastructure for community safety, with residents trained in de-escalation, restorative practices, and harm prevention taking over traditional policing roles, further decreasing reliance on external authorities.

The growing self-sufficiency empowers people to engage in a broader general strike, uniting workers, organizers, and even police, military, and prison guards, who see the value in a cooperative society over exploitative structures. These workers join the strike with a commitment to open prison doors and release incarcerated individuals, beginning the dismantling of the prison-industrial complex. The reclaimed resources and supply chains—no longer driven by profit—are redirected to meet public needs, reinforcing the mutual aid cycle and showing the power of collective action against exploitative systems.

3. Restructuring and Sustained Growth (10+ years):

With the success of the general strike and the reappropriation of resources, society enters a period of sustained restructuring. The task-matching algorithm, now refined and adapted to meet the needs of larger networks, ensures that essential functions—like food production, healthcare, education, and infrastructure maintenance—are managed equitably, allowing labor to be shared with minimal effort. Each community, now largely self-sustaining, focuses on projects that address local needs, while excess resources are shared across the network. With basic needs consistently met, the need for currency or trade disappears entirely, freeing people from economic pressure and allowing them to engage fully in meaningful contributions.

The abolition of prisons and police is now fully realized, as safety and accountability are rooted in community relationships and restorative practices. Individuals are accountable not to a state apparatus but to their neighbors and peers, reinforcing the social fabric and reducing the occurrence of crime even further. People contribute to their communities willingly, without coercion, as roles are fulfilled out of shared responsibility and mutual respect. Self-sufficiency and shared resources eliminate economic pressure and competitive survival, replacing them with security, belonging, and the freedom to flourish.

Cultural production—art, music, writing, and community projects—becomes central to life. People create and share not to survive but to enrich each other’s lives, build stronger social bonds, and inspire new generations. This is a society that no longer operates on profit but on shared purpose, one where everyone’s unique contributions are valued, and each person’s potential is realized. The feedback loop of mutual aid and cooperation allows communities to reject coercive systems entirely, realizing a world built on empathy, resilience, and collective well-being.

Mutual aid today primarily functions as a safety net. Food drives, clothing donations, and rent relief efforts are organized by community members to fill the gaps left by state systems and capitalist neglect. People come together to redistribute resources—groceries from food banks, clothes from donation bins, or small emergency funds passed through cash apps—to help their neighbors survive. These acts are crucial and compassionate, but they are inherently reactive. They treat the symptoms of inequality, not its causes.

The problem is that mutual aid, as it exists now, operates almost entirely within the logic of the current system. Food comes from grocery store surplus, clothes are donated from the overproduction of fast fashion, and the funds distributed are ultimately pulled from the wages of those working within the same exploitative economy. It is stopgap redistribution, reliant on the very systems it aims to subvert. And because it is often framed as charity or community service, it lacks the revolutionary vision to break out of this cycle. Mutual aid is treated as a temporary fix while efforts are directed toward political reforms—voter registration drives, ballot initiatives, or lobbying for policy changes. These efforts, though well-meaning, misdirect energy into systems deliberately designed to absorb and neutralize transformational vision and potential.

To integrate mutual aid into a transformative movement, it must shift from redistribution to production. This means no longer simply sharing the surplus of capitalist production but creating the means to produce what is needed directly, collectively, and for free. Food drives turn into vertical farms. Clothing donations turn into cooperative workshops where people mend and make garments together. Tool-sharing libraries expand into repair hubs where neighbors learn to fix appliances, plumbing, or electrical systems. This isn’t charity; it’s collective stewardship, where resources are shared because they belong to everyone, not parceled out from a position of ownership or control.

In this transformed model, mutual aid grows beyond local self-sufficiency and becomes interconnected sufficiency. It’s not just about each community meeting its own needs but about building networks that allow communities to serve one another. Suburban vertical farms yield crates of tomatoes, spinach, and cucumbers, which are packed and delivered weekly to urban neighborhoods where grocery stores are scarce. In rural areas, a workshop uses donated power tools to repair broken plows and build sturdy wooden tables, sending the finished products to nearby towns without charge. Coastal fishing collectives deliver coolers of freshly caught salmon and mackerel to inland communities, ensuring households have access to nutrient-rich meals. Urban tech groups design solar-powered water purifiers, loading them onto vans headed for drought-stricken rural areas where clean drinking water is urgently needed. A mobile medical clinic stocked with surplus bandages, stethoscopes, and vaccines from suburban hospitals drives across regions, offering free care to underserved areas without expecting anything in return.

A decentralized web of cooperation emerges, where every node strengthens the whole. This interdependence makes the movement resilient. The police can’t shut it down because there’s no central target; it’s everywhere and nowhere.

This shift also transforms how people engage. Young people, who often feel alienated or trapped in cycles of unemployment, are given opportunities to learn, build, and contribute. Instead of being pushed toward anti-social behavior or petty crime, they join vertical farm crews, learn carpentry or sewing in community workshops, or help repair neighborhood spaces. After-school programs become spaces for practical skill-sharing, teaching everything from bike repair to coding. These programs don’t just keep kids occupied—they make them integral participants in the community’s self-sufficiency.

Education becomes an inseparable part of mutual aid. The Cooperative World think tank (coming soon) serves as the knowledge pool, housing not only written guides and articles but also TikToks, videos, and tutorials showing how to set up vertical farms, occupy abandoned spaces, or design new city layouts through direct action. This platform isn’t just theoretical; it’s practical, with content tailored for every level of understanding. A short TikTok might show how to start sprouting seeds at home, while a longer video walks through building a hydroponic system. These resources are organized so that anyone can find what they need, whether they’re a beginner or ready to lead their own project.

Local communities start their own websites, turning them into hubs of creativity and connection. One small town uses its site to document how they turned an empty parking lot into a solar-powered greenhouse, complete with temperature-controlled grow beds. Another urban neighborhood shares a detailed guide on transforming shipping containers into insulated shelters for unhoused people, complete with blueprints and materials lists. A rural collective posts a series of short videos on forging simple farming tools from scrap metal, teaching others to replicate their process step by step. A coastal town uploads instructions on how they built a community-run desalination system for clean water, explaining how they overcame technical challenges and inviting questions from others looking to try the same.

These websites go beyond technical projects, offering insights into how communities nurture holistic well-being. One city focuses on integrating group storytelling circles as a way to heal intergenerational trauma, posting stories and advice from participants. Another features music workshops for kids that blend cultural traditions with contemporary instruments, fostering a sense of heritage and innovation. Collectively, these platforms inspire not only action but the deeper connection necessary to sustain the movement, creating a network of communities that teach and support one another in endless, unexpected ways.

Technology supports the movement’s expansion. A decentralized app is developed that connects people across communities, matching skills with needs. Someone with experience in solar panel installation might be alerted to help a nearby neighborhood retrofit a community center. A neighborhood producing surplus kale can send it to another area short on greens. The app isn’t owned by a corporation; it’s collectively maintained, open-source, and part of the infrastructure of the movement.

This decentralized coordination allows communities to scale their efforts without losing their grassroots character. As mutual aid expands, it creates breathing room. With food, clothing, and housing needs increasingly met through these networks, people rely less on wage labor. This frees time and energy to deepen participation, turning occasional volunteers into committed contributors. Assemblies form to make decisions collectively, ensuring that governance structures grow alongside production. These assemblies don’t replicate the hierarchies of the state—they use consensus and decentralization to ensure power remains distributed.

Once this infrastructure is in place, it opens the door for bolder actions. Labor strikes become possible, not as desperate attempts to demand better wages, but as strategic moves to reclaim resources and redistribute them into the mutual aid network. Workers occupying a factory don’t just shut it down; they retool it to produce for the community. These actions don’t happen in isolation; they’re coordinated with the broader network, ensuring support flows where it’s needed.

This interconnected web of production, education, and governance grows beyond the reach of repression. The police can raid a tool library or shut down a single farm, but the network adapts and spreads, impossible to pin down. Every community becomes a node in a larger system, each reinforcing the other. Middle-class neighborhoods contribute surplus production, poorer neighborhoods innovate new systems of efficiency, and everyone benefits from the shared knowledge and resources.

Mutual aid and projects like vertical farms aren’t about solving the entire problem of production or immediately replacing capitalist supply chains. The reality is that corporations, driven by profit and political motives, actively resist sharing resources or creating legal pathways to access their surplus. They would rather destroy excess goods than risk enabling a movement that challenges their control. This resistance is precisely why mutual aid is essential—not just for survival but as a practice of prefigurative politics. It’s about living the ideas we want to spread, showing how decentralized, non-hierarchical systems of care and collective production can improve lives now while building the framework for systemic transformation.

A vertical farm in an abandoned lot doesn’t simply grow food; it demonstrates how communities can meet their needs together, free from bosses or profit motives. A tool library isn’t just a place to borrow drills; it’s a tangible model of how shared stewardship can replace private ownership. These efforts aren’t isolated fixes—they are living examples of what’s possible, giving people the chance to see and experience mutual aid as a pathway to something better. The gardens, workshops, and community hubs are proof that these systems work, not in theory but in practice, instilling confidence in decentralized structures while subtly dismantling the myth of capitalist scarcity.

This isn’t just about direct action improving lives—it’s about the transformational power of spreading ideas. The real shift comes when these practices inspire others, expanding the movement’s reach and momentum. As mutual aid networks grow, they create breathing room, allowing people to step outside the daily grind of survival and envision life without coercion. This foundation becomes the scaffolding for broader action. The food networks, repair collectives, and knowledge hubs established in these early stages evolve into the infrastructure that sustains communities through a general strike.

The strike itself, when it comes, isn’t a plea for scraps; it’s a coordinated reclamation. Supply chains are no longer driven by profit but redirected toward meeting human needs, supported by the systems mutual aid has already demonstrated. Vertical farms and tool libraries prepare people to manage and transform larger-scale infrastructure, turning expropriation into a seamless transition rather than a chaotic upheaval. These structures don’t aim to replace capitalism on their own—they exist to inspire, to teach, and to pave the way for a decentralized, cooperative society.

Every garden grown, every tool shared, and every assembly held is an act of transformation in itself. These prefigurative efforts are more than stopgaps; they are the seeds of a new world. As the ideas spread and people live them, the movement grows, gathering the strength and confidence to reclaim what has always belonged to the people. The point isn’t to wait for corporations to share—it’s to show we don’t need them at all.

A general strike begins with a wave of coordinated refusals across the country. At a warehouse complex, forklifts sit idle as workers gather outside, holding banners not demanding better wages but declaring that the goods inside now belong to the community. Truck drivers, in solidarity, park their rigs in long lines along the highway, leaving shipping hubs frozen. Supermarkets are eerily still, their shelves fully stocked but untouched, as striking retail workers refuse to unlock the doors. It’s not chaos—it’s precision. Mutual aid networks, already in place, quickly step in to redirect these resources.

At a repurposed community center, volunteers unload crates of food from trucks driven by workers who once delivered for profit. Inside, tables are stacked with rice, canned goods, fresh vegetables, and bread. People of all ages filter in, collecting what they need. No cash registers, no price tags—just a collective understanding that everyone takes only what they can use, leaving enough for their neighbors.

Across town, in an empty corporate office building now buzzing with activity, local assemblies coordinate the redistribution of goods and services. A whiteboard lists tasks: housing placement, tool repair schedules, and transportation routes. The logistics team uses a decentralized app to track inventory and shortages, routing surplus food from suburban neighborhoods with backyard farms to urban areas where the need is greatest. A truck loaded with fresh tomatoes and peppers from a suburban vertical farm heads into the city, its path updated in real-time by volunteers at the assembly.

Housing expropriation begins in earnest. Families walk into long-empty luxury apartments, greeted by neighbors who have organized cleaning crews to prepare the units. Carpets are vacuumed, windows cleaned, and lightbulbs replaced in hours. On the same block, workers pry open the doors of a shuttered hotel, turning its lobby into a distribution point for blankets and toiletries scavenged from corporate warehouses. A room list is created, ensuring everyone gets a bed. Across the street, an abandoned office complex becomes a childcare center, with murals painted by volunteers to make the space warm and inviting.

Healthcare workers, striking alongside the rest, occupy hospitals and clinics. Operating rooms remain open, but the billing offices are locked. Medicine cabinets are inventoried by mutual aid medics, and free pharmacies begin distributing essential medications. Volunteers, trained over the preceding months in first aid and basic care, assist in running clinics set up in school gyms and community centers. A local assembly recruits teachers from the area to help train more medics, using open-source materials shared through the movement’s digital library.

Factories, too, are reclaimed. In a sprawling industrial complex that once churned out luxury cars, workers retool assembly lines to produce electric bicycles and water filtration systems. Across town, garment workers restart machines to sew durable, weatherproof clothing. A once-abandoned warehouse is now a buzzing hub where sewing co-ops repair and tailor clothes, distributing them through neighborhood networks. These reclaimed spaces are lit by electricity from local solar arrays, managed collectively by former utility workers who have joined the strike.

The scale of coordination is immense but decentralized. Assemblies meet in reclaimed churches, schools, and even parking lots, discussing local needs while staying connected to the broader network through digital platforms. These platforms are no longer used for just sharing guides; they’re now the movement’s lifeline. An app logs surplus and shortages: one region flags a need for medical supplies, another posts an overabundance of canned goods. Volunteers organize delivery routes, prioritizing the most urgent needs.

In a coastal town, fishermen form a co-op, dividing their catch among neighboring communities. On farms reclaimed from agribusiness, migrant workers—now no longer exploited—coordinate with mutual aid teams to distribute fresh produce. Trucks, formerly marked with corporate logos, are repainted by local kids in bright colors with messages of solidarity, delivering goods to areas still struggling to catch up.

The effects ripple outward. Wall Street, starved of labor and goods, falters. Banks close their doors as profits vanish, their skyscrapers looming over streets now filled with community-organized food markets and bike repair stations. The media, initially confused, scrambles to frame the strike as chaotic, but the images tell a different story: neighborhoods alive with activity, goods flowing freely, and people working together to solve problems once left to bureaucracies and profit-driven entities.

It’s not a perfect process. Mistakes happen—some areas struggle with initial shortages or uneven organization—but assemblies adapt quickly. Solutions are found locally, with decisions made by the people affected. There’s no central command issuing orders, just a network of assemblies tied together by shared principles of mutual aid and free agreement.

The general strike transforms not just the economy but the culture. For the first time, people see the power of collective care on a mass scale. They see a world where production and distribution are no longer tied to profit but to human need. Goods move freely because the systems are no longer designed to hoard them. The strike isn’t just a disruption; it’s the foundation for a new society—one that is decentralized, cooperative, and deeply committed to meeting everyone’s needs with dignity and care.

We know this model can work because we’re already in a world of potential post-scarcity. With the rapid advancement of automation and technology, we now have the tools to meet everyone’s needs with minimal labor, making the possibility of a decentralized, cooperative society not only achievable but practical. Automation frees us from the necessity of traditional work, so we can shift our focus toward fulfilling and meaningful contributions that align with our skills and interests rather than being bound by rigid, exploitative structures.

Further, this vision is grounded in both historical precedent and practical examples that show humans are capable of building and sustaining societies based on cooperation, mutual aid, and collective responsibility. Anthropological evidence from pre-historic and indigenous societies around the world demonstrates that humans have successfully organized without centralized power, currency, or hierarchical systems, relying instead on networks of reciprocity, decentralized governance, and community stewardship. These societies not only survived but thrived for thousands of years, showing that non-coercive, egalitarian structures can meet people’s needs effectively and equitably.

In recent history, smaller-scale models like the Black Panther survival programs, community-driven mutual aid projects, and the self-sustaining neighborhoods developed by Zapatista communities offer contemporary proof of concept. These groups have used mutual aid, community governance, and self-sufficiency to address food insecurity, housing, education, and healthcare. Additionally, cooperative systems and worker-owned enterprises around the world already show how work can be organized collectively, where shared ownership and decision-making replace exploitative labor models.

These examples, combined with the successful application of restorative justice practices that reduce crime and foster communal accountability, demonstrate that people are fully capable of creating non-punitive, non-hierarchical systems of safety and justice. By pooling labor and resources through mutual aid networks, this model not only reduces the need for exploitative labor but also meets the needs of communities directly. When people’s basic needs are met and they find purpose in contributing to their communities, crime and conflict decrease naturally, as seen in numerous studies on social determinants of health and well-being.

While we don’t claim to have every detail solved, this vision points in the right direction because it resonates with fundamental principles in nature, human evolution, and the perennial philosophy that runs through nearly every major spiritual and philosophical tradition. This philosophy suggests that human flourishing emerges through compassion, mutual aid, and balance rather than domination and control. Evolutionary insights support this: as homo sapiens, we thrived not as isolated individuals but through cooperation, reciprocity, and adaptive flexibility.

Nature itself provides a powerful model. As Lovelock’s Gaia theory and Margulis’s symbiosis research show, life on Earth operates in a decentralized, interconnected way, with diverse organisms cooperating to sustain ecosystems and balance planetary health. Even in genetics, Dawkins’ work reveals that genes don’t act in isolation or under rigid, singular directives; instead, they perform multiple roles simultaneously, fostering the resilience and diversity that sustain life. Each part supports the whole without centralized control, working together to propagate life while allowing freedom for new variations and adaptations to emerge.

In the same way, a decentralized, cooperative society would not only enable but encourage individuals to explore multiple roles, contribute in flexible ways, and support collective well-being without restrictive, hierarchical controls. This vision of interconnected freedom aligns with how nature sustains itself, how humans evolved to thrive, and with timeless principles that prioritize balance, compassion, and cooperation.

Working within the law is neither effective nor aligned with the vision for a truly transformative movement. The legal system is structured to preserve existing power dynamics, and engaging with it as a primary strategy often dissipates revolutionary energy, acting as a safety valve that redirects real change efforts into bureaucratic dead ends. Instead, the focus should be on building the movement directly within communities, avoiding the pitfalls of working through institutions inherently opposed to the radical changes this movement seeks.

To build community strength, we need to reach out to the police as members of the community, helping them see that their interests align more closely with those of their neighbors than with enforcing state directives. Inviting them to participate in mutual aid networks and support systems subtly shifts their allegiance. As they start seeing the benefits of collective support, their self-interest begins to realign away from oppressive state structures and toward solidarity with the people they serve.

Maintaining a low profile is key to allowing this movement to grow resiliently without drawing unnecessary attention or smear campaigns. However, a low profile doesn’t mean isolation; social media and community networks can still amplify the message, so long as the movement remains decentralized, people-centered, and without formalized leadership or parties. Thought leaders may naturally emerge, but without official titles or hierarchies, the movement remains flexible and resilient, drawing strength from the collective rather than any single figure.

Community solidarity and collective action are vital. The more people involved in these initiatives, the more difficult it becomes for authorities to target isolated individuals without facing community backlash. Building a strong base of local support through open conversations, shared resources, and visible solidarity creates a protective layer. Police encountering a united front would face resistance not from scattered individuals but from entire communities prepared to stand together. This networked approach amplifies the impact of community gardens, food-sharing programs, and local repair projects, each strengthened by a solid support base that’s ready to protect itself against interference.

Invisible and adaptive organizing helps the movement sustain itself. Small-scale, low-visibility efforts—like growing food on private plots, rooftops, or organizing skill-sharing gatherings—build a foundation without drawing unnecessary attention. Adaptive organizing means staying mobile and flexible, able to relocate or restructure if needed. This keeps the movement hard to target by authorities and allows it to grow its roots gradually, expanding visibly only when it has built strong community support.

Our own media outlets become essential to the movement, embodying the creative, productive spirit of this revolution. Rather than relying on established media channels that often serve state and corporate interests, we create independent platforms that amplify the voices and stories of our communities. These outlets—whether local zines, online platforms, podcasts, or grassroots video channels—showcase the positive impacts of mutual aid and community-driven efforts, revealing the power of self-sufficiency and solidarity. By sharing our successes in areas like food production, housing repair, and community resilience, we build a narrative of empowerment that inspires others to join while making it harder for state actors to dismiss or demonize our work.

Legal professionals play an equally crucial role by using their knowledge to educate people about how the current system is structured to protect the interests of the powerful at the expense of the public. Rather than legitimizing the system through reform attempts, they help spread awareness of its inherent injustice, showing how laws and institutions are designed to maintain inequality and restrict real freedom. This ongoing education underscores the need for systemic change rather than piecemeal reform, helping people understand why building alternative systems outside of state control is essential for true liberation. As awareness grows, people are motivated not to work within the system but to find new ways to organize, support one another, and resist, further fueling the momentum of the movement

Finally, strategic resistance and mass mobilization can counter police interference directly. As more communities embrace mutual aid, cooperative ownership, and local support systems, they build a wide base for resistance, especially in cases of unjust state intervention. Historically, mass mobilization has been essential in movements for change. When police confront a mobilized, well-supported community with strong alliances, they encounter significant resistance, making it harder to justify or sustain interference. This collective strength fosters the resilience and cohesion needed to make real, sustained change.

A key safeguard against violence in this movement lies in its decentralized, non-hierarchical structure. Without a centralized authority or rigid hierarchy, there’s no position of power for violent leaders to rise to and exploit. Instead of top-down leadership that could incite oppressive or aggressive behavior, the movement relies on collective decision-making and mutual agreement, where influence flows horizontally. This structure not only prevents any one individual from wielding disproportionate control but also nurtures a culture where leadership is diffuse and based on respect rather than command.

Each person has a voice, and decisions emerge from consensus, creating accountability across the movement. By eliminating the potential for centralized power, we significantly reduce the risk of violent or authoritarian tendencies taking root. This decentralized model aligns with the principles of mutual aid and cooperative support, where people actively participate in the revolution’s direction. As a result, there’s a built-in resistance to any oppressive or coercive dynamics, ensuring that the movement’s energy is directed toward solidarity, not domination.

To ensure this revolution remains non-violent, we must intentionally channel what Freud described as thanatos energy—the drive often expressed as aggression, destruction, or the urge to break things down—into forms that sustain and deepen communal life. This redirection doesn’t emerge automatically; it grows from a social context where people feel secure, supported, and free to explore their full creative potential. When basic needs are met, time is liberated, and a sense of shared purpose replaces the anxieties of scarcity, people naturally gravitate toward expressions of joy, connection, and catharsis. But this shift also requires intentional structures and cultural norms that encourage these outlets without forcing participation.

In a society rooted in mutual aid, the conditions for this blending are actively cultivated. With fewer hours spent on survival-based labor and no pressure to compete for resources, people have the space to reimagine what daily life can look like. Work becomes infused with creativity—not through coercion, but because people have the autonomy to shape how they contribute to the community. For instance, a logistics team might organize their workspace to feel welcoming and collaborative, with shared playlists, art on the walls, and a culture where taking breaks to chat or dance is encouraged. This isn’t imposed; it grows from the freedom to prioritize well-being alongside productivity.

Communal projects and shared spaces play a key role in fostering this environment. A community garden isn’t just a place to grow food; it becomes a hub where people gather, share stories, and create together. Someone planting vegetables might also teach others how to play a guitar, while a group sketches plans for a rainwater collection system nearby. These activities merge naturally because they emerge from a collective ethos: the understanding that all contributions—whether planting, organizing, or creating—are equally valued and that joy is a vital part of the work.

Encouraging this culture involves modeling and normalizing practices that integrate celebration and creativity into everyday life. Leadership by example is crucial: affinity groups might host events that combine practical activities with expressive outlets, like turning a housing repair project into an all-day event with music, food, and games. Rituals and traditions also emerge organically as communities discover what resonates. For instance, a neighborhood might develop a weekly storytelling night where people share poems, songs, or personal experiences as part of their collective practice. None of this is compulsory—it thrives because people see the benefits of participating and feel drawn to the shared energy.

Historical and contemporary examples show how this blending emerges in contexts where mutual support is prioritized. In many impoverished communities, block parties and family reunions are lifelines of joy and solidarity, providing release from hardship and a sense of connection. What changes in a mutual aid society is the removal of scarcity and competition as barriers. Without the need to prove oneself or hoard resources, celebrations and creativity flow more freely. A logistics meeting, for instance, might end with a moment of gratitude or a shared toast to a well-executed plan. A resource distribution effort could include a small art exhibit or live music from community members, turning the act of meeting needs into something more meaningful and connective.

These practices encourage participation because they meet deep human needs for expression, connection, and catharsis. They don’t need to be forced because they fulfill the same drives that, in other contexts, might manifest destructively. By creating a society that values and supports these outlets, people naturally channel their thanatos energy into forms that build rather than break

Through meditation, education, and deeply rooted communal practices, people begin to address the inner chaos that drives disharmony. They see domination not as an innate truth but as a product of fear and misunderstanding—one that can be unraveled through clarity, connection, and collective growth. This isn’t abstract; it’s lived. People repair their inner worlds while building a cooperative, flourishing outer world, weaving the two into a harmony that defies violence and oppression.

Addressing the roots of human disharmony and violence requires delving deeply into the forces that have shaped us—biological instincts, psychological drives, and historical patterns. Ernest Becker’s Denial of Death provides a critical lens, explaining how humanity’s awareness of mortality creates an existential anxiety we often suppress through domination, power-seeking, and tribalism. Teaching this idea through negative capability—the ability to hold and accept uncertainty without forcing conclusions—offers a way to face our fears without projecting them outward as aggression or control.

Meditation becomes a vital practice here, a daily counterbalance to reactive behavior. Picture community centers where people of all ages gather in quiet rooms, sitting in circles on soft mats. The spaces are simple but intentional: gentle lighting, fresh air, and the hum of shared silence as everyone practices transcendental meditation. A trained guide helps participants focus on their mantras, spiraling down into deeper levels of consciousness. Over time, these sessions transform people’s responses to frustration and fear, creating individuals who are less reactive and more attuned to themselves and others.

Education complements these practices, weaving philosophy, history, sociology, and genetics into a tapestry of understanding. An online library becomes the cornerstone of this effort, beautifully designed for accessibility and depth. It’s not a dry repository but a living map of interconnected lessons. One section highlights Becker’s work and links it to complementary readings like Zhuangzi’s Taoist musings on acceptance, Nietzsche’s challenge to confront the abyss, and Audre Lorde’s call to dismantle oppressive structures through self-understanding. Another section connects the history of religious institutions to their corrupted hierarchies, teaching people to separate wisdom from dogma by uncovering the revolutionary justice at the heart of texts like the Sermon on the Mount, the Quran’s emphasis on charity, and the Talmud’s arguments for ethical behavior.

Communities also create local knowledge hubs, where learning becomes physical and social. A converted warehouse houses shelves of annotated books, each section labeled not just by genre but by lessons they teach: How Power Distorts Religion,The Roots of Violence, or Practicing Compassion Across Cultures. In one corner, a group of teenagers explores the history of colonization, drawing parallels to how scarcity narratives have shaped conflicts between neighbors. In another, elders lead discussions on Taoist principles, using nature walks to demonstrate the interconnected balance between rivers, trees, and human activity.

Workshops link philosophy to daily life, showing how these lessons reshape behavior. A session on perennial philosophy begins with a reading from Aldous Huxley and transitions into a shared activity, like gardening or cooking, where participants discuss how understanding interconnectedness changes how they relate to each other. A meditation session is followed by a circle discussion where people reflect on how the practice reduces their impulses to control or lash out. Through these tangible links between knowledge and action, communities not only absorb ideas but live them.

Online platforms like The Cooperative World amplify this work, turning local efforts into global connections. TikToks show teenagers explaining Becker’s insights in under a minute, while longer videos teach mindfulness techniques or dive into Taoist practices. Community-created playlists offer everything from guided meditations to lectures on the sociology of violence. Articles like Why We Fear the Other sit alongside interactive diagrams of evolutionary psychology, helping people see how genetics shaped competition and cooperation. All of it is interconnected—clicking on Becker leads to Keats, which leads to a primer on Taoist wu wei, creating a web of ideas that transforms how people understand themselves and their relationships.

If America transitioned to an anarcho-communist society, the entire framework of how we interact with the rest of the world would change, and so would the ways other nations might try to coerce or control us. Diplomacy wouldn’t be dictated by states or politicians. Instead, it would happen directly between communities, creating a web of solidarity that crosses borders. Farmers here would exchange seeds and techniques for sustainable growing practices with farmers elsewhere. Worker cooperatives would share strategies for building self-managed industries. Educators and artists would collaborate across continents. These connections wouldn’t rely on government deals or trade agreements—they’d be built on mutual aid and trust, grounded in real exchanges of resources and knowledge.

If a nation like the UK’s government threatened aggression, the logic would fall apart quickly. First, they’d have no centralized structure to target. There’s no government to overthrow, no banking system to freeze, no multinational corporations dominating resources. And here’s the key: the usual tools of coercion—the economic strangleholds that the U.S. has long used against non-compliant nations—would be useless against us. In the current system, nations that resist imperial control are hit with sanctions, trade restrictions, or structural adjustment programs (SAPs) from the IMF, forcing them to privatize industries, slash social services, and integrate into global capitalism on unequal terms. These measures are designed to exploit dependence on money and international markets. But we wouldn’t use money. We wouldn’t rely on jobs tied to global capital. We’d have delinked from those systems entirely, running our society on task rotation, resource sharing, and cooperative production.

There’s no debt to pressure us with, no currency to devalue, no exploitable cheap labor force. You can’t threaten to shut down trade routes when communities produce what they need locally and share the rest freely with their neighbors. You can’t manipulate us into exporting only soybeans or bananas because our resources wouldn’t be treated as commodities for sale. Everything we grow, mine, or produce would serve our collective needs first, and the surplus would go to strengthen our network of mutual aid. We’ve hopped out of the money game entirely—there’s no leverage to be found.

The UK government might look at our natural resources—our oil, minerals, or fertile land—and think they’re ripe for the taking. But even that logic falls apart. These resources wouldn’t be stockpiled by a single authority or concentrated in the hands of corporations. They’d be managed locally, sustainably, by the communities who live there, with decisions made collectively. There’s no single pipeline or refinery to seize, no CEO to pressure. And if one community faced a threat, others would rally to support them, bringing food, tools, and people to help. This isn’t isolation; it’s interdependence on our own terms, making us resilient in ways that centralized states and economies can never be.

Defense in this society wouldn’t involve a standing army or national security apparatus. It would look like thousands of interconnected communities protecting themselves and each other. If the UK’s government tried to send forces, they’d encounter a decentralized web of resistance. Local assemblies would coordinate efforts. Affinity groups—small, trusted teams—would organize direct actions to block advances, protect people, and disrupt the aggressors’ supply chains. Defense wouldn’t just happen at the point of conflict; it would start before aggression could even gain traction. Communities in the UK, already connected with us through mutual aid, could refuse to participate. Workers might strike, farmers could withhold food, and activists could sabotage the war effort from within.

Aggression relies on division—on convincing people that one group is the enemy. But when solidarity is already in place, it’s hard to sell that lie. Communities here and abroad would see that we’re not a threat; we’re an example. We’re a society that meets people’s needs without coercion, exploitation, or profit. The very tools that governments use to pit people against one another—fear, scarcity, competition—would lose their power.

The logic of conquest simply doesn’t work when you’re facing a society that can’t be touched by the usual levers of control. There’s no money to manipulate, no markets to dominate, no central authority to dismantle. Instead, there’s a network of people who have each other’s backs, who protect what they’ve built, and who are ready to offer the same solidarity to anyone else willing to join them. It’s not invincibility—it’s resilience, built on a system that’s designed not for domination, but for care.

To answer this, let’s consider the two main ways domination could emerge: through violence and coercion, or by attempting to reinstitute a market system and its associated hierarchies.

Domination Through Violence

Historically, domination through violence has depended on two factors: a desperate population incentivized to follow a leader and the absence of a strong counterforce to resist. In an anarcho-communist society, both factors are neutralized. Mutual aid ensures that everyone’s basic needs—food, shelter, healthcare—are met, eliminating the desperation that would drive people to follow a leader offering marginally better conditions in exchange for loyalty. Why would anyone agree to violence when they already have everything they need to thrive?

Moreover, anarcho-communism’s decentralized structure makes violent domination logistically impractical. Communities are organized into networks of affinity groups and local assemblies, all interconnected but without centralized authority. If one group attempted to conquer or enslave another, the broader network of mutual aid would respond. Resources and support would flow directly to the threatened group, isolating the aggressor and making domination unsustainable. This decentralized defense system, rooted in solidarity, ensures that no single group can accumulate enough power to impose its will on others.

Domination Through Reinstituting a Market System

The second pathway to domination would involve trying to bring back a market-based system. This is how capitalism itself was historically created: as Karl Polanyi explains in The Great Transformation, markets don’t emerge naturally—they are constructed by state power. In pre-capitalist societies, resources were managed communally, and trade was embedded in social relationships. The market, as we know it, was imposed by the state through coercive policies like enclosures and land privatization. In an anarcho-communist society without a state to enforce such changes, reintroducing a market system would face immense structural and cultural resistance.

Even if a small group started exchanging goods using money, the logic of profit and growth that drives market domination would break down. If they didn’t expand, money would be reduced to an unnecessary extra step—a way of expressing equivalence in trade, which is essentially what Proudhon’s anarchism envisioned. But anarcho-communism already satisfies needs through mutual aid, making such exchanges redundant and unattractive.

On the other hand, if this group tried to expand and accumulate wealth to dominate others, they would encounter insurmountable barriers. Here’s why:

1. The Logic of Profit Requires Growth:

   Profit isn’t just “extra money.” It represents surplus value extracted from labor or resources—selling goods for more than the cost of production. Profit enables reinvestment, which fuels growth. But to grow, a market-based group would need to expand its operations, increase production, and exploit resources or labor. This requires access to more markets, customers, and workers—none of which are available in a society where people’s needs are already met without money or coercion.

2. Growth Creates Competition:

   For a market system to function, competition must emerge. A growing enterprise needs to secure resources and customers, which means competing with others for market share. However, in an anarcho-communist society, there’s no incentive for others to engage in this competition. Why would someone trade labor or resources for money when mutual aid provides them with everything they need? Without external participants, the market-based group would be unable to grow beyond its own small circle.

3. Expansion Would Be Resisted:

   Even if a group managed to grow slightly, its attempts to dominate would be met with resistance. People living in anarcho-communism, free from the pressures of competition and scarcity, would have no reason to accept a system that reintroduces hierarchy and exploitation. Mutual aid networks would isolate the would-be capitalists, and no state apparatus exists to enforce their dominance. Attempts to coerce others into participating would fail because the cultural and material conditions for coercion—scarcity, desperation, and state power—no longer exist.

Why This System Can’t Fall Back Into Capitalism

The stability of anarcho-communism isn’t just about structural safeguards; it’s also rooted in deep historical and evolutionary truths about human cooperation. For the vast majority of human history—290,000 years as homo sapiens and over 7 million years as upright apes—humans lived in societies organized around mutual aid, shared resources, and non-hierarchical decision-making. These principles aren’t utopian—they’re how we evolved to survive. Hierarchies and markets are the historical anomalies, only emerging in the last few thousand years through the coercive power of the state.

In anarcho-communism, we return to these cooperative roots but with modern knowledge and tools, making it nearly impossible for the destructive logic of capitalism to reemerge. Without a state to impose market structures, without scarcity to foster desperation, and without the cultural ethos of competition, the mechanisms that fuel domination and exploitation have no foundation to rebuild upon.

By eliminating the material conditions and incentives for domination—whether through violence or markets—anarcho-communism creates a society that is resilient against the return of coercion. People, having tasted freedom, equality, and genuine flourishing, would simply have no reason to accept any system that seeks to take it away.

In an anarcho-communist society, the very conditions that foster anti-social behavior are systematically dismantled. Most crime today—studies show up to 90%—stems from need, desperation, or the stresses of living in insecure, alienated conditions. When everyone’s basic needs are met through mutual aid, and robust community networks offer not just material support but also emotional and social connection, the breeding ground for most criminal behavior disappears. People no longer have to steal to eat, hustle to survive, or lash out from overwhelming stress. The cycle of scarcity and insecurity is broken, and with it, much of what we currently define as "crime" becomes irrelevant.

But even in this environment, we recognize that anti-social behavior can still occur. This is not because people are inherently bad but because, as Greg Boyle writes in Tattoos on the Heart, “Damaged people damage people.” Anti-social activity often reflects the unhealed wounds of trauma and scarcity, the echoes of a pain body that Eckhart Tolle describes as the accumulated suffering people carry and unconsciously crave to perpetuate. These behaviors are cries for healing, not punishment, and our response must reflect that. By addressing the root causes of harm—brokenness, insecurity, and disconnection—we focus on healing the person and reintegrating them into a supportive community.

Institutionalization as we know it today would have no place in this society. Our current systems—prisons and punitive justice—only deepen the wounds that lead to harm, isolating and dehumanizing people rather than addressing their underlying issues. Instead, communities would turn to restorative justice, which has already proven most effective in the very cases where harm is most extreme. Restorative justice involves bringing together those harmed, those who caused harm, and the broader community to collectively determine how to repair the damage and prevent it from happening again. This process could take many forms, depending on the community’s unique cultural practices and sensitivities, ensuring it’s not a one-size-fits-all model but one deeply tied to the people and their values.

In the extremely rare cases of individuals who exhibit repeated, harmful behavior—such as serial killers or others resistant to rehabilitation—there may be a need for confinement. But this would not look anything like the punitive systems we have today. Norway offers a model of humane confinement that could serve as a basis: spaces where doors aren’t locked, people wear their own clothes, and they have access to activities, amenities, and programs that foster rehabilitation and reintegration rather than isolation. These environments treat individuals as human beings capable of growth and change, not as irredeemable outcasts. However, even this would be rare in a society where communities themselves are rich with opportunities for healing and engagement.

In fact, the everyday life of an anarcho-communist society would be inherently rehabilitative. With communities built on trust, mutual support, and cooperation, people would naturally find purpose and connection. Opportunities for creativity, skill-building, and communal celebration would deter crime not through fear but through the fulfillment of the very needs that often drive harm. This isn’t just about responding to harm when it happens—it’s about creating a way of life that makes harm less likely in the first place, while offering everyone the tools to heal and thrive. Isn’t that incredible? A society where our very way of living reduces harm and increases joy, ensuring that no one is left behind, and everyone is given the chance to become whole.

In our envisioned society, personal belongings—your home, clothes, favorite books, cherished tools—remain yours. These are the things that define your autonomy and individuality, and no one has any interest in taking them away. What changes is the concept of private property—those things used to control resources or exploit others, like factories, massive farms, or apartment complexes owned to extract rent. These no longer belong to individuals for profit but are instead collectively shared and managed to meet everyone’s needs.

The vast holdings of wealth—stocks, bonds, investment accounts—simply become irrelevant. Money, which once dictated who thrived and who suffered, is no longer the driving force of society. The idea of hoarding wealth for future gain disappears because the systems that made wealth accumulation necessary are gone. In a society where everyone has access to what they need, the concept of wealth shifts entirely. What matters isn’t how much you own or control but the relationships you build, the contributions you make, and the joy of living without the weight of financial competition.

Imagine an apartment complex no longer owned by a landlord collecting rent but managed by the people who live there, making decisions together about repairs, upkeep, and use. A factory no longer funnels profit to distant shareholders but operates as a cooperative, run by the workers and the community it serves, producing goods for use, not excess. Farms become shared resources, growing food to feed communities directly instead of exporting for profit while locals go hungry.

The transition to this world wouldn’t be about seizing what people need for themselves; it would be about reimagining what property is for. What you personally use and value remains yours, but the massive infrastructures built to exploit and divide us are reoriented toward collective benefit. The wealth tied up in the systems of profit and power isn’t taken—it’s set free, like air finally moving into lungs that have long struggled for breath.

But the vast luxuries of the ultra-wealthy—the yachts, expensive paintings, sports cars—no longer sit hoarded by a tiny minority. These items aren’t discarded or destroyed but reimagined as shared resources, part of a society where everyone has access to the beauty, creativity, and fun they offer.

Art locked away in private collections would come out of the shadows. While much of it would be displayed in public spaces for everyone to enjoy, we could also create rotational systems for those who want to experience it more personally. If someone wanted to study a painting or simply have it in their space to appreciate for a time, they could sign up to host it for a while before it moves to the next person. Not everyone would be interested in this, so the demand wouldn’t be overwhelming. Similarly, yachts and sports cars could be repurposed: sometimes for recreation, where people take turns enjoying them, and sometimes for socially productive purposes, like research, exploration, or even community events. This isn’t a society without cool things—it’s one where those things aren’t hoarded by a few but shared for everyone to enjoy.

As for how these items transition from the hands of the wealthy to the commons, the answer lies in the structure of the movement itself. The shift to this society wouldn’t happen overnight—it’s part of a growing, international wave of solidarity that undermines the foundations of wealth hoarding. The ultra-wealthy only maintain their grip on these luxuries through systems of enforcement: private security, laws, and the state itself. As people organize and build mutual aid networks, the legitimacy of these systems crumbles. Through a general strike and mass expropriation, we would collectively reclaim resources that were taken through exploitation and redirect them to serve the public good.

This isn’t about forcefully taking what’s theirs—it’s about recognizing that these things were never “theirs” in the first place. The wealth required to buy a $300 million yacht was extracted from workers, communities, and ecosystems over generations. When the system that enables this extraction collapses, the yachts, paintings, and sports cars simply return to the people who made their existence possible. These luxuries stop being symbols of inequality and become opportunities for shared enjoyment, study, and creation.

The ultra-wealthy, like everyone else, would have a place in this society—but not as rulers, not as special exceptions. They would enter as equals, and their path to reintegration would demand nothing less than a full reckoning. They would have to confront, head-on, the unimaginable suffering, exploitation, and environmental devastation their greed has caused. For generations, their selfish pursuits have left scars across the world, and those wounds don’t heal with empty apologies. They must take accountability—not as a gesture to save face, but as an honest attempt to repair the harm they’ve done. Trust isn’t given freely to those who built their empires on the backs of the suffering—it’s earned. Their participation in this new world would mean dismantling the privilege they once wielded and proving, through action, that they are ready to stand alongside the people they once oppressed.

The first step is recognizing that no individual can create this shift alone—only through collective understanding and action can we build the foundation for this vision. It begins with learning the theory, understanding the ideas, and, most importantly, having open conversations about them. Start discussing social issues with a new lens, one that sees the capitalist system as a central problem but also acknowledges a deeper issue: our fear of uncertainty that drives us to conform to societal expectations for a false sense of safety, a behavior that actually undermines us in the long run. Sharing and spreading the idea itself is the first vital step.

From there, look for ways to produce independently and collectively. Write about what you’re learning and observing in your own life and share these reflections. Create art that speaks to these ideas, expressing them visually, musically, or through other forms. Coders can work on building decentralized task-matching algorithms. Gardeners and growers can work together to grow food collectively, distributing it within the community for free. Artists, writers, organizers—each person can contribute uniquely, not in isolation but as part of a shared movement. By building a culture of production and sharing in alignment with these values, you help create networks of support and exchange that bring us one step closer to this new world.

Help build and strengthen mutual aid networks in your community, support local efforts that promote self-sufficiency, and spread the vision through conversations, art, writing, and community projects. Look for ways to meet people’s needs directly without relying on state systems or exploitative labor. In addition, push for broader systemic change by supporting labor movements and actions that confront capitalist structures, such as general strikes. The power of collective action lies in our ability to withdraw consent from exploitative systems and reclaim resources for public good. Join or support unions, mutual aid networks, or affinity groups that align with this vision, focusing on building solidarity across communities.